英語リスニング学習：(8-F) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 For thousands of years, humans have been fascinated by the planets in our solar system. The ancient Romans identified five of them, naming them after some of their gods: Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Venus, and Saturn. Uranus and Neptune were not discovered un…

英語リスニング学習：(8-6) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 Since these factors are differently interconnected for each planet, it is difficult for us to describe AST in simple terms. The ancient Romans would be amazed at what we now know about our solar system. However, there are many more mysteries ahead of us …

英語リスニング学習：(8-5) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 In addition to atmosphere, other planetary features influence AST. One of these is the properties of a planet’s surface. The four planets closer to the Sun are called terrestrial planets because they are solid and rocky. The four planets farther from th…

英語リスニング学習：(8-4) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 One of them is a planet’s atmosphere. For example, the atmosphere of Venus is composed primarily of carbon dioxide (CO2), which helps the planet retain the heat it receives from the Sun. Mercury’s atmosphere, on the other hand, contains no CO2. As a re…

英語リスニング学習：(8-3) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 The most important factor determining a planet’s AST is its distance from the Sun. In most cases, the farther from the Sun, the colder the planet. However, AST cannot be predicted only by a planet’s distance from the Sun. Other factors must be taken in…

英語リスニング学習：(8-2) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 More recently, space exploration has helped us answer questions asked in science fiction novels and movies, for example, “Could Mars support human life?” Given the planet’s average surface temperature (AST) of -65℃, it would be close to impossible fo…

英語リスニング学習：(8-1) The determinants of planet’s surface temperature

【英語本文・テキスト】 For thousands of years, humans have been fascinated by the planets in our solar system. The ancient Romans identified five of them, naming them after some of their gods: Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Venus, and Saturn. Uranus and Neptune were not discovered un…

英語リスニング学習：(7-F) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 Many people who enjoy music know that it can provide various benefits in everyday life. On the other hand, when we are trying to study or think about something, music can bother us if it is too loud or too harsh. In other words, music can interfere with …

英語リスニング学習：(7-6) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 To summarize, under the right conditions, music can be a useful aid to learning. However, we need to study music more to understand its full impact on the human mind. Through further study, it will become possible for us to learn how to use the power of …

英語リスニング学習：(7-5) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 Apparently, the music worked effectively to reduce stress and to create a comfortable environment. However, the research also found that music which was too loud made it hard for listeners to focus their attention. In addition, what kind of music the lis…

英語リスニング学習：(7-4) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 Several studies have indicated that music can influence the attitude of adults towards learning as well. One study showed that background music helped participants to concentrate on tasks longer. Another study found that college students in a biology cou…

英語リスニング学習：(7-3) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 In these classes, for instance, students listen to music, discuss what they hear, and read about the composers and historical backgrounds in order to understand and interpret the music. Research indicates that the LTRTA program creates enthusiasm for lea…

英語リスニング学習：(7-2) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 Some programs that make use of music have been found to produce positive changes in the learning processes of young people. One example is the “Learning To Read Through the Arts” (LTRTA) program, an elementary school curriculum where teachers use music…

英語リスニング学習：(7-1) Music & Learning

【英語本文・テキスト】 Many people who enjoy music know that it can provide various benefits in everyday life. On the other hand, when we are trying to study or think about something, music can bother us if it is too loud or too harsh. In other words, music can interfere with …

英語リスニング学習：(6-F) The role of dance

【英語本文・テキスト】 Dance is one of the oldest forms of art, and it is seen in every culture and performed for a variety of purposes. In modern society, dance is widely recognized as a form of entertainment. Many people enjoy dancing for fun or watching their favorite artis…