「なくて」VS「ないで」

  V stem+ ないで   V stem+ なくて 1 じょうきょう condition 朝ごはんを食べないで学校へ来ました。 I came to school w...

おおきい VS おおきな

  「大きい」 is an adjective Often used for relatively concrete nouns (visible) Example: おおきい どうぶつ But it's okay to call it a おおきな どうぶつ ...

しる VS わかる

  『わかる』の意味は、不明瞭な状態から明瞭な状態に変わること。 自分の経験や知識、調べたり、解いた結果わかった結果。 The meaning of 『わかる』 is to change from an unclear state to a clear state ...

項の数（The number of particles）

動詞 一項動詞 Verb with one particle （1）～が / は 温まる ( あたたまる ) 、 暴れる ( あばれる ) 、 光る ( ひかる ) 、 降る ( ふる ) 、 冷える (...

格助詞Case particlesVSとりたて助詞collection particles

 格助詞 Case particles: Particles that work to express the relationship between phrases are called case particles. が・を・に・へ・と・から・より・で・まで・（の） ※「は...

Noun clause, adverb clause and adjective clause

  副詞 節 Adverbial clause もし 彼女 ( かのじょ ) が 明日 ( あした ) 空いて ( すいて ) いるなら、その 質問 ( しつもん ) を 聞いて ( きいて ) みるよ。 I’ll ask...

たり and て and し

Te-form and Conjunctive Form   1.The te-form allows you to combine two verbs or more and express sequence of actions or states . ...

はず（N4）

Meaning:  はず； it must be; it should be (expectation). はずがない : cannot be (impossible).   How to use examples ...

はじめる（N4）

 Meaning: to start; to begin to~. How to use examples Translation Verb stem + はじめ...

は（N4）

  Meaning: [A] but [B]; however; comparison.   How to use examples Translation Noun1+ は ...

のは～だ（N4）

Meaning: 1.     [A] is [B]; 2.     the reason for [A] is [B].   How to use examples Translation ...

のに（N4）

 Meaning: 1.       although, in spite of, even though~. 2.       to (do something); in order to~.     although, in spite o...

のなかで（N4）

 Meaning: in; among~. How to use examples Translation Noun + のなかで 病院 ( び...

にくい/づらい/やすい（N4）

 Meaning: にくい / づらい difficult to do~. やすい easy to; likely to; prone to; have a tendency to~.   How to use example...

にみえる（N4）

 Meaning: to look （ like ） ; to seem （ like ） ; to appear （ like ） . How to use examples Translation ...

など（N4）

 Meaning: such as, things like~. How to use examples Translation Noun + など ...

にきがつく（N4）

 Meaning: to notice; to realize. How to use examples Translation Verb short + にきが...

なさい（N4）

  Meaning: do this (soft/firm command). How to use examples Translation Verb stem + ...

ながら （N4）

 Meaning: while; during; as; to do two things simultaneously.   How to use examples Translation V...

なかなか～ない（N4）

  Meaning: not easy to; struggling to; not able to; can’t seem to~   How to use examples Translation ...

ときいた（N4）

  Meaning: I heard….   How to use examples Translation Short form + ときいた ...

とか（N4）

  Meaning: among other things; such as; so on, like, whether   How to use examples Translation Ve...

parallel marker と, や、か、とか、など

  parallel marker; particle used to list items と や か とか など Usage ...

ながら VS あいだ

ながら means the actions going at the same time. あいだ means when or while.     Note: If you want to use [ あいだ ] as a simultaneous action, y...

ても VS のに

They are Reverse Conditions   のに In Spite of/even though Actual Reverse Conditions: 毎日...

になる/くなる VS にする/くする

になる / くなる and にする / くする are both used to indicate change in Japanese.   Use 【になる】 to indicate change condition or state ...

の VS こと

  【の】 and 【こと】 are used as verb nominalizer   There are 2 usage rules. 1.      only 【こと】 is used right before 「です・だ・である」 Example: E...

が VS を

 When words such as 「好き」「きらい」「できる」「たい」「ほしい」 , that express states such as likes and dislikes, ability and hope are used in the predicate, an...

は VS が

   Basic usage  は 1.        usually used as a topic marker in a sentence.        EX. 彼 かれ は 学生 がくせい です （ Student is topic ） 2.       Used f...

とおもう（N4）

 Meaning: to think…; I think…; you think… How to use examples Translation Verb Short form ...

といってもいい（N4）

  Meaning: you could say; one might say; I'd say~ How to use examples Translation Phrase ending wit...

といわれている（N4）

Meaning: it is said that~. How to use examples Translation Short form + と 言 ( い...

でも（N5-N2）

 Meaning: 1.       but; however; though~. 2.       … or something; how about~. 3.       even if I have to; by all means~. 4.       W...

てよかった（N4）

 Meaning: I’m glad that.. How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from + よかった ...

てみる（N4）

 Meaning: try doing ~. How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from + みる ...

ても/でも even～（N4）

 Meaning:even; even if; even though~ How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from + ...

って/という（N4-N3）

Many different meanings of という / っていう This can be used to express many different meanings, including:   1.       to be called, said, nam...

てくれてありがとう（N4）

 Meaning: Thank you for doing ～ How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from + くれてありがとう ...

てすみません（N4）

 Meaning: I’m sorry for How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from + すみません 遅 (...

てしまう/ちゃう/じゃう（N4）

  Meaning: 1.       to finish completely. 2.       to do something by accident, （ the sense of regret/something regrettable happens ）   ...

ておく（N4）

 Meaning: to do something in advance for something  How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from ...

ていた（N4）

 Meaning: 1.       was doing something （ at some point in the past ）※ Progress / continuation of operation 2.       was already done （ a...

ていく/くる（N4）

  Note 1 ： The concept of “ いく : to go” and “ くる of Motion of Objects: to come” is a little different from English . In Japanese, when yo...

て・で（N4）conjunctive particle; so; because of

  Meaning: conjunctive particle; so; because of [A], [B]…   How to use examples Translation Ver...

つづける(N4)

  Meaning: continue to; keen on~   How to use examples Translation Verb stem + 続 ( つ...

それでも（N4)

How to use examples Translation Phrase 1          + それでも Phrase 2 外 ( そと...

たばかり（N4）

  Meaning: just finished; something   How to use examples Translation Verb past   Short fo...

ところ（N4-3-2）

 Meaning: ところ 1.       Place （ e.x. きれいな 所 ( ところ ) / 寒 ( さむ ) い 所 ( ところ ) etc. ） 2.        just about to;   たところ 1.       Jus...

だす（N4）

  Meaning: to begin to; to start to; to burst into; … out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out) ​ . How to use   ex...

だけで（N4）

  Meaning: just by; just by doing How to use   examples Translation Verb Short form ...

そんなに（N4）

  Meaning: so, so much, like that.   How to use examples Translation そんなに Verb ...

そう/そうな/そうに（N4）

 そう/そうな/そうに Meaning:       1.           It looks like / appears like; seeming~.       2.           I heard that; it is said that~. ...

じゃないか（N4-N3）

  Phrase じゃないか / ではないか / ではありませんか  Meaning: 1.       right? isn ’ t it? 2.       let ’ s~; confirmation.   Phrase じゃないか / ではないか +...

しか/だけ/も

しか / だけ-particle / Meaning: only; just; as few as も -particle/ Meaning: as  much/many as; up to; nearly~.   How to use ex...

し(N4)

  Meaning: and; and what’s more Meaning How to use Examples English To give a 1more reason...

さすが(N4)

 Adverb/adjective /menaning: as one would expect; as is to be expected; even~; great (I'm impressed again)   How to use ...

さ(N4)

 Meaning: nominalizer for adjective How to use examples Translation な adjective + さ ...

ということ（N4）

 Meaning: convert phrase into noun.   How to use examples Translation Verb Present/pas...

ことになっている（N3）

  Meaning: 1.       to be expected to; 2.       to be scheduled to; 3.       it has been decided as a rule that.   H ow to...

ことになる（N4）

  ことになる Meaning: It has been decided that..; it turns out that.   M eaning How to use Examples Englis...

ことにする（N4）

  Meaning: to decide ／ do.. as a regular practice   H ow to use Examples English Verb Short for...

ことができる（N4）

  Meaning: can; able to; not able to. ·     ※ It is basically the same as the verb’s Potential form , but simpler to use.   H ...

こと（N4/N3）

  1.    Meaning: verb nominalizer. It allows you to use verbs as nouns. 2.     Meaning: (must) do.   Meaning: How to ...

きっと（N4)

  Meaning: surely; undoubtedly; almost certainly; most likely.   How to use Examples English きっ...

がる/がっている（N4）

 M eaning: to show signs of; to appear; to feel, to think. This grammar point basically turns adjectives into U-verbs ending with る , so t...

がり（N4）

  Meaning: someone tends to; has a tendency to; has a sensitivity to~. How to use examples Translation Meaning 1) Describe Personality い adj...

かもしれない(N4)

  might; perhaps; indicates possibility   How to use examples Translation Verb Present/p...

がひつよう（がある）(N4)

（が / は）ひつよう Meaning: need ; necessary.   （ が / は）ひつよう How to use examples Translation Noun ...

かな/かしら（N4)

 Meaning: I wonder; should I? How to use examples Translation   Verb Present/Past...

かどうか（N4)

 Meaning: whether or not~. How to use examples Translation   Verb Present/Past/ N...

がする（N4)

 Meaning: to smell; hear; or taste.  How to use examples Translation Noun ＋ する ...

おわる/はじめる（N5/N4)

  おわる Meaning: to finish; to end~. はじめる Meaning: to start; to begin to~.     How to use examples Transla...

おきに

 Meaning: repeated at intervals, every~  How to use examples Translation Noun ＋ おきに でんしゃ は...

あいだに（N4)

 Meaning: while/during~ something happened.  How to use examples Translation Verb Present/...

んです（N5)

When you have a fact that you want to emphasize and let them know, it may be better to use " んです ". It is also used to make sure the situa...

まだ/もう（N5/N4）

  まだ～いない / いません Meaning: have not yet~ まだ～ Meaning: still; not yet   ま だ～いない / いません How to use examples ...

まえに/あとで（N5/N4）

まえに Meaning: before; in front of~ あとで Meaning: after~; later   まえ に How to use examples Translati...

よう/ましょう/ませんか(N5/N4)

よう/ましょう / ません ?/Meaning: let’s ~; shall we ~. ましょうか Meaning: shall I ~; used to offer help to the listener.     よう (use this in ca...

ほうが（N5)

  ほうが いい Meaning: It’d better to do/ it is better not to do   How to use examples Translation Affir...

ほしい

  Meaning:   が + ほしい - to want something Te-from + ほしい - I want you to~   How to use examples Translation ...

のがすき/じょうず/へた

 Meaning:   のが すき - to like doing something. のが きらい to dislike doing something. のが じょうず - to be good at doing something. のが へた ...

にする（N5,N4)

  Meaning: 1.       to make something~ 2.       to decide to do~/decide on How to use examples Translation ...

なる(N5)

  Meaning: to become.   How to use examples Translation い adjective + い くなる Drop final ...

なくてはいけない/ないといけない（N5)

 なくてはいけない Meaning: must do ; need to; gotta do.[A] There are varieties for “must” sentences. How to make Substitutable ...

ないで/ないでください

  ないで Meaning: 1． （ Please ） Don ‘ t do~ 2． without doing~ ; To do [B] without doing [A]   1. Don ‘ t do~ How...

とき（N5)

  Meaning: when; at this time.   How to make examples Translation Time reference Main even...

たい(N5)

  たい (tai). Meaning: want to do something. T ense How to make examples Translation Affi...

てみる/みたい(N5) (N4)

 Meaning: try doing  How to use examples Translation Te-from + みる（みます） たべてみます I...

てはいけません/ちゃいけない/ちゃだめ(N5)(N4)

  Meaning: must not; may not; cannot   How to use examples Translation Te-from + ·         は...

てもいい(N5)

 Meaning: is OK to..; is alright to..; may  How to use examples Translation Verb Te-from ...

てください(N5)

  てください  Meaning: please do ～ Use this to make a polite request to another person How to use examples Translatio...

てから/あとで/まえに(N5, N4)

  てから Meaning: after doing/since then~.   How to use examples Translation Te-from + から べん...

てある(N5)

  Te-from   + ある (Helping verb) Meaning: is/has been done (resulting state). It is similar to using past tense form, but different in that...

ている（N5)

  Te-from   + いる (Helping verb) is widely used in many Japanese sentences. Most of the time you have to read from the actual sentence to...

つもり(N5)（N3)

  つもり is used to describe:         1.           To plan       2.           I thought I ～       3.           I meant   1.  what a person is p...

だろう/でしょう(N5)

  Meaning;      1.           I think; it seems; probably;       2.           right?     We use the sentence-final だろう / でしょう (prob...

たり〜たり(N5)

  Meaning: （ do ） such things as A and B   How to use Verb にちようびは えいがをみ たり しました べんきょうし た...

すぎる（N5）

  すぎる means “too much”   Verb   わたしは たべ すぎました I ate too much verb steam   + ...

にいく（N5）

  If the person moves to another place in order to do something, we can describe their movement and its purpose this way   Desti...

から/ので（N5)

  A first clause that end with から（ becasue) explains the reason or the cause of a situation, a proposal, and so forth   ...