What is an individual? An individual is formed by its relationships with other individuals. Individuals are not substantive, but are formed in relationship. Moreover, individuality is a process that fluctuates and changes in relation to others. Matter, life, society, and the universe are composed of individuals in such a relationship that they influence each other. This is a philosophic...
The Logic of Mutual Generation
1 Relation Mutual relation Event Time and Space Individuality Network One and Many Whole and Part Field and Individual Contradiction Mutual opposition and connection Interaction 2 Recognition Mutual reflection Mutual recognition Subject and Object Practical recognition R...
The World of Mutual Generation
In this work, I will describe the logic of mutual generation and its world, citing examples from the universe, matter, life, and society, based on my previous writings in the fields of natural philosophy, practical philosophy, ontology, and epistemology.
contingency, indeterminacy, and irreversibility in the human society
Contingency and Indeterminacy A society is a complex system that is constantly evolving and shaping itself through the interaction of countless elements. As a result, society always contains internal fluctuations, and, much like our own lives, it can sometimes be uncertain about which direction to take at critical junctures. In such moments, the role of contingency is s...
Self－reference and Self－observation in the society
Society as a Nonlinear System The society we engage in is constituted by interconnections. Society is a complex system that evolves and changes through interactions among its elements and between these elements and the environment. When one element fluctuates, other elements adjust in response, and as other elements fluctuate, they in turn affect the original element. W...
Society as a Complex Adaptive System
Living Systems and the Environment Complex systems possess flexible adaptability to the constantly fluctuating environment because they can continuously generate new structures in response to environmental changes. These systems are open to their environment and are in constant interaction with it. Moreover, this interaction can have an unexpectedly profound impact on the emergen...
Science of Complex systems and society
Evolutionary Sociology and Systems Theory The theory of social organism perceives society as an organic entity similar to living organisms, emphasizing the parallels between biological and social mechanisms. This perspective emerged in sociology around the mid-19th century. Particularly, Spencer proposed concepts of
Civilization and nomadic peoples
Mediators The role played by intermediaries such as merchants, travelers, immigrants, nomads, and seafarers in the development of civilization is profound. These mobile groups served as mediators connecting different civilizations through their trade and cultural exchanges. Through the mediation of these mobile groups, goods and information traveled, leading to the formation of n...
Trump's ears and Cleopatra's nose
On July 13th, former President Donald Trump was shot at a rally of supporters held in Butler, eastern Pennsylvania, as everyone now knows. The suspect allegedly fired from the roof of a building about 130 meters away from the former president's podium. However, it is said that Trump narrowly escaped a direct hit to his head when he briefly turned to check the screen displaying statistics on ...
The Emergence of Urban Civilization and Trade The long history of human civilization has witnessed several significant leaps at various junctures. Among these, the emergence of urban civilization marked a major leap from previous agricultural and pastoral societies. A city is a densely populated area where people do not directly engage in agriculture. It serves as a cen...
Attempts at Critiquing the Times During late autumn to early winter on the Japan Sea side of the Japanese archipelago, strong northwesterly seasonal winds from the continent begin to blow. Gradually, these winds mix with hail showers, and a penetrating chill seeps further into the skin. The seasonal winds, laden with moisture, collide with the folded mountain ranges of ...
Human Existence and Religious Sentiments From the moment humans stood upon the earth as humans, they departed from being integrated into the world and instead came to stand outside of it while still within it. Thus, humans came to perceive the world as something external to themselves, while simultaneously recognizing themselves as external to the world. As humans opened t...
Awareness of death Awareness of death, along with awe towards nature, held significant meaning for the emergence of religious sentiments. When early humans became aware of the inexplicability of death in the face of their loved ones passing away, religious sentiments took a profound leap forward, shrouded in deeper shadows. As a person approaches death, conscio...
The great nature, this grand entity. When humans first stood upon the earth as human beings, what opened before the eyes of our ancestors was the vast sky spreading high above and the expansive earth stretching to the distant horizon. In the sky, there was a shining sun, a moon illuminating the night sky, and twinkling stars. The sky would be covered with clouds carried by a gust...
Creation and Destruction in myths
The Idealistic Myth of World Creation In creation myths that explain how the world came into being, one or multiple gods are said to have created the universe and everything within it through various means. Particularly, in Hebrew mythology, the singular supreme God is depicted as creating the world alone. According to the account in the
Division from One to Two In creation myths found throughout the world, the primordial chaos from which all things emerge is often symbolized by water, abysses, or represented by primal cosmic eggs or giant beings. However, when this primordial entity is personified as a single deity, it is commonly expressed as a hermaphroditic god. This hermaphroditic deity symbolizes t...
Symbol of Chaos In the ancient Babylonian epic
1. Resonant Universe and Communication For instance, even fish swimming in the ocean use sound waves and ultrasonic waves to connect with each other through the vibrations of seawater, influencing each other mutually. Moreover, the act of swimming by the fish itself creates vibrations in this medium, which in turn affect other fish. Just like this, could it be t...
The brain as an expression of the mind
Psychosomatic and Neurological Disorders The phenomenon of salivation at the mere thought of sour pickled plums or a racing heart when extremely nervous is a common experience. The workings of the mind in the form of emotion are immediately manifested in physical activity. Physiologically, the effects of emotion on the body are known to include not only heart rate and fluid secreti...
The Logic of Mutual Generation
I have summarized the logic used in the narratives of my works belonging to natural philosophy, practical philosophy, historical philosophy, ontology, and epistemology under the name
Complex Systems and Modern Science
The science of complex systems, which points to a new scientific direction for the 21st century, focuses on dynamic systems that form themselves from the interaction of countless elements, and reads and incorporates mutual recognition and interaction, such as sensing and perception between elements. Modern science has ignored this complex mutual recognition and interaction, simplifying and ...
God and man, Buddha and sentient beings
In the thought of faith-based religions such as Christianity and Pure Land Buddhism, we find the logic of the opposition and union of the absolute and the relative. God and man, Buddha and sentient beings, and the absolute and the relative are in opposition to and separate from each other. But that is why, in the religion of faith, they must be united, congruent, and in accord with each...
This study is an overview of transformation of human society, repeatedly moving between the state of chaos and the state of order, with references to classic Eastern wisdom and theories by contemporary Western scholars including Ilya Prigogine and Niklas Luhmann, especially highlighting the role of “the Exceptionalists”, the meaning of revolution and conflict, and the mechanism of chanc...
Salvation in the Buddhism and Christianity
In this essay, I will clarify the structure of salvation in faith-based religions such as Pure Land Buddhism and Christianity. In order to attain true salvation, one must renounce self-reliance, abandon legalism, and devote oneself to selflessness. When we turn around from there, believe in the salvation of the Absolute, God or Buddha, and devote ourselves to that faith alone, true salvation...
Civilization as a complex system
This is an interpretation of human civilization as a self-organizing system which develops itself through mutual interactions. Civilizations run by humans on the earth have experienced sudden cultural leaps and divisions time and again. Understanding this phenomenon requires to view them as self-organizing systems or complex systems, where the determinist law doesn’t always work, ...
Love and Life: The World of Religious Faith
It can be said that the human life is a path of being lost in life and death, bewildered by vexations, and plagued by transgressions. Religious inquiry arises when we become aware of these problems and are greatly challenged by them. And when one becomes deeply aware of the problems of death, suffering, and sin, and penetrates through them to be embraced by the compassion of the Buddha and th...
Emancipation - The Quest for the Self in Buddhism
I will trace the thought of Self-inquiry in Buddhism from the early Buddhism to Mahayana Buddhism, and then in Japanese Buddhism. The goal of Self-inquiry is to return to what transcends the self, and to unite the self and the universe. Religious truth is nothing other than the awareness of the self that is kept alive by such truth. This essay explores the essence of religion through Buddhism...
1. Evolution of substance and life Before the creation of life Chemical evolution Generation of RNA and DNA Life as an integrating force Life as information Birth of primitive life From eucaryote to multicellular organism 2. Substance, Life, Mind From substance to life Boundary between substance and life Creation of mind Mind and s...
Nondeterminism and Irreversibility Break in symmetry The idea that nature has symmetry and is governed by symmetrical laws, as when we reflect things in a mirror, has been a fundamental thought in natural science from classical to modern physics. Even in the classification of elementary particles, fundamental symmetry has always been required. However, the idea that nat...
1. Perceiving “being” through “becoming” The world of generation and corruption In the micro world, elements that are bigger than particles such as atomic nuclei, atoms and molecules seem to be relatively stable entities. In fact, their existence is entirely supported by ceaseless works of countless elementary particles. We observe objects ar...
“What is being?” is an old and new question in philosophy that has been debated for centuries. This essay is an attempt to understand “being” as “event” by resolving “being” to “relation”, as well as giving an ontological framework to today’s compound sciences. In the quest of “being”, we will find ourselves approaching the thought of “Engi” or dependent organization, which is a M...
Intra-World Measurement and Intra-World Action
We perceive the world not externally but internally. Also, we act on the world not externally but internally. And it is these perception and action that make up the self-forming world. If so, we must transcend the world view of modern philosophy and modern science which regard separately the self and the world, subjectivity and objectivity, reconsidering the deep connection between existe...
Humans have been developing network of traffic routes over land and ocean for trading or other purposes over history. The basic structure of human civilization is a network formed with such traffic routes. To study human history as the history of development of civilization-network would give a theoretical basis to the correlated-civilization theory that focuses on relational aspect of ...
フランスの西南部・ドルドーニュ県、モンティニャック村の南東の丘に、ラスコー洞窟がある。後期旧石器時代の中頃（約二万年前）に描かれた夥しい数の洞窟壁画で有名である。一九四〇年、モンティニャック村の少年たちが穴に落ちた飼い犬を救出しようとした際に発見されたものである。また、スペイン北部、カンタブリア州の州都・サンタンデルから西へ三〇キロほどのところにあるアルタミラ洞窟も、後期旧石器末期の洞窟壁画でよ...
「ブログリーダー」を活用して、ｍｉｃｈｉｎｏｒｉｓａｎさんをフォローしませんか？
What is an individual? An individual is formed by its relationships with other individuals. Individuals are not substantive, but are formed in relationship. Moreover, individuality is a process that fluctuates and changes in relation to others. Matter, life, society, and the universe are composed of individuals in such a relationship that they influence each other. This is a philosophic...
1 Relation Mutual relation Event Time and Space Individuality Network One and Many Whole and Part Field and Individual Contradiction Mutual opposition and connection Interaction 2 Recognition Mutual reflection Mutual recognition Subject and Object Practical recognition R...
In this work, I will describe the logic of mutual generation and its world, citing examples from the universe, matter, life, and society, based on my previous writings in the fields of natural philosophy, practical philosophy, ontology, and epistemology.
Contingency and Indeterminacy A society is a complex system that is constantly evolving and shaping itself through the interaction of countless elements. As a result, society always contains internal fluctuations, and, much like our own lives, it can sometimes be uncertain about which direction to take at critical junctures. In such moments, the role of contingency is s...
Society as a Nonlinear System The society we engage in is constituted by interconnections. Society is a complex system that evolves and changes through interactions among its elements and between these elements and the environment. When one element fluctuates, other elements adjust in response, and as other elements fluctuate, they in turn affect the original element. W...
Living Systems and the Environment Complex systems possess flexible adaptability to the constantly fluctuating environment because they can continuously generate new structures in response to environmental changes. These systems are open to their environment and are in constant interaction with it. Moreover, this interaction can have an unexpectedly profound impact on the emergen...
Evolutionary Sociology and Systems Theory The theory of social organism perceives society as an organic entity similar to living organisms, emphasizing the parallels between biological and social mechanisms. This perspective emerged in sociology around the mid-19th century. Particularly, Spencer proposed concepts of
Mediators The role played by intermediaries such as merchants, travelers, immigrants, nomads, and seafarers in the development of civilization is profound. These mobile groups served as mediators connecting different civilizations through their trade and cultural exchanges. Through the mediation of these mobile groups, goods and information traveled, leading to the formation of n...
On July 13th, former President Donald Trump was shot at a rally of supporters held in Butler, eastern Pennsylvania, as everyone now knows. The suspect allegedly fired from the roof of a building about 130 meters away from the former president's podium. However, it is said that Trump narrowly escaped a direct hit to his head when he briefly turned to check the screen displaying statistics on ...
The Emergence of Urban Civilization and Trade The long history of human civilization has witnessed several significant leaps at various junctures. Among these, the emergence of urban civilization marked a major leap from previous agricultural and pastoral societies. A city is a densely populated area where people do not directly engage in agriculture. It serves as a cen...
Attempts at Critiquing the Times During late autumn to early winter on the Japan Sea side of the Japanese archipelago, strong northwesterly seasonal winds from the continent begin to blow. Gradually, these winds mix with hail showers, and a penetrating chill seeps further into the skin. The seasonal winds, laden with moisture, collide with the folded mountain ranges of ...
Human Existence and Religious Sentiments From the moment humans stood upon the earth as humans, they departed from being integrated into the world and instead came to stand outside of it while still within it. Thus, humans came to perceive the world as something external to themselves, while simultaneously recognizing themselves as external to the world. As humans opened t...
Awareness of death Awareness of death, along with awe towards nature, held significant meaning for the emergence of religious sentiments. When early humans became aware of the inexplicability of death in the face of their loved ones passing away, religious sentiments took a profound leap forward, shrouded in deeper shadows. As a person approaches death, conscio...
The great nature, this grand entity. When humans first stood upon the earth as human beings, what opened before the eyes of our ancestors was the vast sky spreading high above and the expansive earth stretching to the distant horizon. In the sky, there was a shining sun, a moon illuminating the night sky, and twinkling stars. The sky would be covered with clouds carried by a gust...
The Idealistic Myth of World Creation In creation myths that explain how the world came into being, one or multiple gods are said to have created the universe and everything within it through various means. Particularly, in Hebrew mythology, the singular supreme God is depicted as creating the world alone. According to the account in the
Division from One to Two In creation myths found throughout the world, the primordial chaos from which all things emerge is often symbolized by water, abysses, or represented by primal cosmic eggs or giant beings. However, when this primordial entity is personified as a single deity, it is commonly expressed as a hermaphroditic god. This hermaphroditic deity symbolizes t...
Symbol of Chaos In the ancient Babylonian epic
1. Resonant Universe and Communication For instance, even fish swimming in the ocean use sound waves and ultrasonic waves to connect with each other through the vibrations of seawater, influencing each other mutually. Moreover, the act of swimming by the fish itself creates vibrations in this medium, which in turn affect other fish. Just like this, could it be t...
Psychosomatic and Neurological Disorders The phenomenon of salivation at the mere thought of sour pickled plums or a racing heart when extremely nervous is a common experience. The workings of the mind in the form of emotion are immediately manifested in physical activity. Physiologically, the effects of emotion on the body are known to include not only heart rate and fluid secreti...
I have summarized the logic used in the narratives of my works belonging to natural philosophy, practical philosophy, historical philosophy, ontology, and epistemology under the name
Mediators The role played by intermediaries such as merchants, travelers, immigrants, nomads, and seafarers in the development of civilization is profound. These mobile groups served as mediators connecting different civilizations through their trade and cultural exchanges. Through the mediation of these mobile groups, goods and information traveled, leading to the formation of n...
On July 13th, former President Donald Trump was shot at a rally of supporters held in Butler, eastern Pennsylvania, as everyone now knows. The suspect allegedly fired from the roof of a building about 130 meters away from the former president's podium. However, it is said that Trump narrowly escaped a direct hit to his head when he briefly turned to check the screen displaying statistics on ...
The Emergence of Urban Civilization and Trade The long history of human civilization has witnessed several significant leaps at various junctures. Among these, the emergence of urban civilization marked a major leap from previous agricultural and pastoral societies. A city is a densely populated area where people do not directly engage in agriculture. It serves as a cen...
Attempts at Critiquing the Times During late autumn to early winter on the Japan Sea side of the Japanese archipelago, strong northwesterly seasonal winds from the continent begin to blow. Gradually, these winds mix with hail showers, and a penetrating chill seeps further into the skin. The seasonal winds, laden with moisture, collide with the folded mountain ranges of ...
Human Existence and Religious Sentiments From the moment humans stood upon the earth as humans, they departed from being integrated into the world and instead came to stand outside of it while still within it. Thus, humans came to perceive the world as something external to themselves, while simultaneously recognizing themselves as external to the world. As humans opened t...
Awareness of death Awareness of death, along with awe towards nature, held significant meaning for the emergence of religious sentiments. When early humans became aware of the inexplicability of death in the face of their loved ones passing away, religious sentiments took a profound leap forward, shrouded in deeper shadows. As a person approaches death, conscio...
The great nature, this grand entity. When humans first stood upon the earth as human beings, what opened before the eyes of our ancestors was the vast sky spreading high above and the expansive earth stretching to the distant horizon. In the sky, there was a shining sun, a moon illuminating the night sky, and twinkling stars. The sky would be covered with clouds carried by a gust...
The Idealistic Myth of World Creation In creation myths that explain how the world came into being, one or multiple gods are said to have created the universe and everything within it through various means. Particularly, in Hebrew mythology, the singular supreme God is depicted as creating the world alone. According to the account in the
Division from One to Two In creation myths found throughout the world, the primordial chaos from which all things emerge is often symbolized by water, abysses, or represented by primal cosmic eggs or giant beings. However, when this primordial entity is personified as a single deity, it is commonly expressed as a hermaphroditic god. This hermaphroditic deity symbolizes t...
Symbol of Chaos In the ancient Babylonian epic
1. Resonant Universe and Communication For instance, even fish swimming in the ocean use sound waves and ultrasonic waves to connect with each other through the vibrations of seawater, influencing each other mutually. Moreover, the act of swimming by the fish itself creates vibrations in this medium, which in turn affect other fish. Just like this, could it be t...
Psychosomatic and Neurological Disorders The phenomenon of salivation at the mere thought of sour pickled plums or a racing heart when extremely nervous is a common experience. The workings of the mind in the form of emotion are immediately manifested in physical activity. Physiologically, the effects of emotion on the body are known to include not only heart rate and fluid secreti...
I have summarized the logic used in the narratives of my works belonging to natural philosophy, practical philosophy, historical philosophy, ontology, and epistemology under the name
